August 2024 | Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan

Revolutionizing Skin Conditions: Cultivating Equity, Inclusion and Access

About the Paper

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The Importance of Addressing AD and AA

The World Health Organization has defined skin conditions to impact and reduce QoL due to physical, mental, and social well-being. Having a skin condition is a lifelong one, and from the initial diagnosis to coping with the day-to-day regimen of skincare, skin conditions can create many challenges.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and alopecia areata (AA) contribute to the increasing disease burden in regions with some of the largest and fastest aging populations, resulting in substantial economic strain from both direct medical costs and indirect expenses related to caregiving and lost productivity.

It is recognized that skin conditions can be triggered or exacerbated due to psychosocial factors, which are often not explained by the clinical severity of their condition. Psychosocial stressors can adversely affect patients’ abilities to cope with and manage their illness. This limitation extends to their ability to access and receive appropriate healthcare resources, adhere to prescribed treatment regimens, and engage in behaviors necessary to manage illness and promote health.

Challenges in accessing effective treatments are compounded by disparities in healthcare access and the absence of patient voices in clinical guideline development, emphasizing the need for a more inclusive healthcare approach. Despite misconceptions, AD and AA are not merely cosmetic concerns but carry significant societal and emotional burdens. These chronic dermatological conditions profoundly impact patients’ quality of life, psychological well-being, and financial stability, highlighting a pressing healthcare dilemma.

I have seen the dermatologist there and the waiting time at first was about 4 to 5 years and that’s the time when I finally got prescriptions from the physician.

– Person with Atopic Dermatitis, Hong Kong

When my hair loss reaches a certain extent of severity, it really affects my confidence, especially in various social situations, such as at work or even when just going home for the holidays. It seems like doctors are less focused on a patient’s QoL.

– Person with Alopecia Areata, Taiwan

The high cost of advance therapy actually doesn’t cause the fear and anxiety, is the assurance and the happiness they get from the outcome of the therapy. To continue treatment is the higher financial burden.

– Key Opinion Leader, Atopic Dermatitis, Singapore

I personally know people with eczema, at the same time they spent a lot of money kind of outside the medical, buying a lot other ‘creams’ from the shelves. If you total up the total cost, it is sometimes same or even more than the ‘high-cost therapies or biologics.

– Person with Atopic Dermatitis, Singapore

I hope the treatment will help me resume a normal life, social life included. The reason for paying a large sum for the treatment is to return to the life when I didn’t have the disease. So yes, QoL [is my goal].

– Person with Atopic Dermatitis, Hong Kong

The evaluation of new drugs or treatments tends to focus on three aspects – efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. If this treatment can provide a high value, as well as being a breakthrough treatment with no existing alternatives, perhaps this process can be expedited so that the treatment is available sooner.

– Payer, Hong Kong

Why is this Whitepaper Necessary?

This whitepaper embarks on a comprehensive exploration into the profound challenges and considerations within the sphere of medical dermatology, specifically focusing on atopic dermatitis AD and AA in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan. AD, an inflammatory skin disease, affects approximately 2.4% of the global population, with a pronounced prevalence in children and adults across Asia.[1]

Notably, prevalence of chronic skin conditions in Asian populations appears to be increasing, which may be related in part to rapid urbanization in many major metropolitan areas, improved standards of living, and climate change. As a result, it is important to understand the increasing burden of skin conditions in Asian markets and the differences in terms of epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, management, quality of life and economic burden in the region.

In order to comprehensively grasp the disease landscape and formulate awareness initiatives for AD and AA, a thorough research approach was employed, encompassing both in-depth one-on-one interviews and roundtable discussions across three markets in Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan. Throughout this whitepaper, the excerpts presented stem from the dialogues held during the roundtable sessions. Complementing these insights, a review of international, regional, and local literature was conducted to fortify the analysis.

This whitepaper examines the physical, psychosocial, and socioeconomic factors that contributes to the growing prevalence AD and AA in Asian populations, driven by urbanization, improved living standards, and climate shifts. It highlights the importance of understanding regional differences in epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and socioeconomic impact.

The paper also explores the impact of person-centered care on conditions like AD and AA in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan, offering valuable insights for policymakers and planners to enhance support systems.

Summary of Recommendations

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A Biopsychosocial Approach Improves Outcomes for Skin Conditions

As validated in our interviews with individuals living with skin conditions, patients treated with one standardized set of clinical guidelines can experience completely different outcomes due to the psychosomatic nature of dermatology conditions. Biopsychosocial stressors can create a loss of sense-of-self and isolation, affecting various aspects of their social, occupational, and emotional function and overall health-related QoL (HRQoL).

The finding argues that there is a need for more engagement and a formalized pathway that addresses the biopsychosocial nature of dermatology conditions and the support necessary across the full cycle of care.

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Invest In Capacity For Coordinated Dermatology Care, Enhancing Healthcare Competency

Despite the availability of validated diagnostic and monitoring psychosocial tools and assessments, not all physicians utilize them consistently.

Investments in program building and care coordination among health administrators and care teams provide an opportunity to explore the depth and breadth of the psychosocial implications of skin disease and promote integrated care for a condition that have multifactorial triggers, with special awareness to broaden access in outpatient settings, and to those experiencing barriers in accessing care.

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Chronic Dermatology Conditions Warrant Quality, Affordable Care Like Other Health Needs

Stringent criteria for reimbursement eligibility present significant hurdles through current reimbursement frameworks in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan. This can cause delays in getting the treatment option that the patient may feel works better and enable them to lead normal lives (thus improving productivity and QoL). Current reimbursement frameworks also do not include coverage for psychosomatic comorbidities that may require support from a psychologist or psychiatrist.

Health financing reform for skin conditions should facilitate the non-linear availability of treatment options and comprehensive coverage of clinical and ancillary dermatology services and procedures so that individuals can have earlier access to advanced therapies to help them better manage their psychosomatic triggers and psychosocial comorbidities.

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Conditions That Are Biopsychosocial In Nature Require Whole-of-society Support

Initiatives to promote better integration of care should start from an understanding of the patient’s perspective, focusing on personalized care planning and care coordination rather than organizational integration. Patients should be invited to help redesign these systems.

Governments should look at integrating the views of patients living with dermatology conditions through patient groups and civil societies when reforming national approaches to provide equitable and quality access to care.

Most importantly, civil societies provide a platform to help collect valuable insights into patient experiences, which can drive quality improvement initiatives and innovations and lead to more effective and person-centered care plans.

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References

[1] Ständer S. Atopic Dermatitis. N Engl J Med. March 25, 2021 2021;384:1136-43.
[2] Zhou C, Li X, Wang C, Zhang J. Alopecia areata: an update on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology. 2021;61(3):403-423.
[3] Research conducted studied prevalence AD in Japanese adults
[4] Kash S. Exposing Eczema: Why is it so Common in Asia? Medical Channel Asia. Updated 28 March 2023. Accessed 14 April 2024, https://medicalchannelasia.com/why-is-eczema-so-common-in-asia/
[5] Buchanan L. New Study Shows Prevalence of Alopecia Areata in People of Color. Accessed 3 June 2024, https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/new-study-shows-prevalence-of-alopecia-areata-in-people-of-color